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    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:BE1020689A3
    申请号:E201300137
    申请日:2013-02-28
    公开日:2014-03-04
    发明作者:Marc Deltomme
    申请人:Hydraulic Ram Trailer Bvba；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    BACKWARD DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR A TECHNICAL AREA
    The invention relates to the technical field of loading buckets such as containers, trailers, semi-trailers, trucks, dumpers and the like for storage or transport of solids as freight, provided with a backward unloading device for unloading the cargo. More specifically, the present invention relates to a loading container with a discharge device for pushing out the load along the rear end of the loading container.
    BACKGROUND
    Dump trucks are used in earthmoving operations to move material such as dirt and stones from one point to another. Conventional dump trucks dump material by lifting a loading platform of a working machine with hydraulic cylinders. Gravity ensures that the material is poured out of the rear of the loading platform. Dump trucks, consisting of loading bins with a tilting device for tilting the front of the container and thus dumping the cargo from behind, are well known in the art. However, these loading buckets have a number of risks and shortcomings. For example, the loading platform must be firmly secured in a substantially horizontal position before the tilting mechanism can take effect. If the body is not horizontal, it can fall to the side when it is lifted. This can also happen due to other circumstances, for example when there is a strong wind or other difficult weather conditions, when the surface is not stable enough (eg loose sand), etc. Tilting the loading platform is also time-consuming, which means that it is normally more can then take 2 minutes to empty an entire body, and a minute and a half to lower the body. In addition, the loading platform must be pushed forward during the unloading procedure, as cargo that was first dumped by, for example, the tipper can prevent the rest of the cargo from sliding or falling out. It is clear that this increases the risk of causing accidents. Furthermore, if the body is tilted, there is an increase in the weight to be supported at the rear, such as on the rear axle, which can lead to breakage. It is also possible that something is preventing the use of a tilting cargo bed, such as a bridge or overhanging electrical cables, and the tilting cargo bed may not be able to unload its load in a tunnel or in a hangar. Moreover, a hydraulic arm can always bend or break. It is clear that if something goes wrong with a tilting tipping bucket, there is a high risk of major material damage and, more importantly, of causing fatal injuries to users and passers-by. Even during maintenance or repair of the hydraulic cylinder, the body is necessarily in a tilted position, and accidents are far too common. In Belgium alone, about one accident occurs per day with chicken containers due to one of the above risks. Skips that are able to dump the load without tilting can overcome these, often dangerous, shortcomings.
    One way to overcome the need for tilting is to use a discharge device for pushing out the load through the rear. Such a system is much safer because it has a much lower risk of tilting. In addition, if the drive is not powerful enough or breaks down, the load or the loading platform remains stable. This is clearly not the case with a tilting tipping bucket in which the bending or breaking of the hydraulic arm can lead to major damage. Trailers or containers, consisting of a discharge device with a movable front section, which can be pushed backwards by a hydraulic arm are known in the prior art. An example of this is given in document US 6,155,776 which describes a method for controlling the movement of an ejector plate and a tailgate that are operatively linked to a loading platform of a working machine. The method comprises the step of supplying fluid under pressure via a first fluid line to (i) a first intake port of a multi-stage cylinder, and (ii) a second intake port of a single-stage cylinder. The method further comprises the step of moving the ejector plate over a first distance with the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder from a retracted position toward an extended position in response to the delivering step. The method further includes the step of preventing the back cover from moving during the step of moving the ejector plate over the first distance. The method further includes the step of moving the ejector plate a second distance with the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder toward the extended position in response to the step of the delivering step. The step of moving the ejector plate over the second distance is performed after the step of moving the ejector plate over the first distance. The method further includes the step of moving the tailgate with the single-stage hydraulic cylinder between a closed position and an open position after the ejector plate was moved the first distance. A control assembly for a multi-stage cylinder is also described. However, a hydraulic arm or cylinder can be expensive and heavy. Furthermore, the size or scope is limited because the arm is not allowed to bend under its own weight or under the weight of applying a force that is needed to push the load away. It also takes up space at the front, because a retracted telescopic cylinder always has a minimum length. This minimum length is usually dependent on the length of the loading container and can therefore be large if the loading container is long. The space occupied by the retracted cylinder is lost for loading and / or results in a longer truck that is more difficult to handle. Another common problem with hydraulic cylinders is that they can bend under the influence of a large force. Another shortcoming is that the presence of a hydraulic cylinder can change the weight distribution of the body. When the loading body is transported on the road, the weight is preferably evenly distributed over all axles of the transport vehicle. If the space required for the compact hydraulic cylinder, eg at the front of the body, cannot be used to support the load, the weight of the load will have to be supported by the rear axle or axles, which are therefore heavier then the front axle or axles are loaded.
    The German patent DE 1 149 301 discloses a discharge device for a solid loading container, in particular for a waste loading container, wherein a longitudinally movable blade is arranged in the interior of the loading container, with gears mounted on the blade which engage in racks lying along the walls, the gear wheels driven moving means, e.g. a hydraulic motor, mounted on a gear connection shaft. However, the racks of the body as described in DE 1 149 301 can become dirty and damage can be caused to a gear wheel or the unloading device, unless longitudinal side panels are provided which protect the racks against the waste in the body. Such side sheets can be a heavy and expensive solution to the problem of keeping the racks clean in order to keep them in a working condition. The device of DE 1 149 301 is particularly suitable for discharging household refuse, which is typically light and usually consists of large pieces and chunks. It is not suitable for dirt, sand, cement, construction waste, etc., which consists of small grains or objects that can easily penetrate to the rack and pinion mechanism, even if the longitudinal side blades are provided, thus ensuring the optimum operation of the discharge device. is disturbed. In addition, shielding the rack by such side blades provides for the creation of a compartment that cannot be used for storing cargo.
    There remains a need in the art for an improved body consisting of a discharge device that is cheaper, more reliable, more compact, lighter and stronger than those known in the art that use, for example, a hydraulic cylinder. Furthermore, there remains a need for an improved container, consisting of a discharge device for which the load, which may consist of small grains or objects, does not prevent the optimum operation of the discharge device and / or for which the load is maximized, preferably the tare weight of limiting the body as much as possible.
    It is an object of the present invention to solve at least some of the aforementioned problems. To this end, the invention has for its object to provide a container for storing and transporting solids, provided with a discharge device for unloading such solids, wherein the loading space is optimized and in which the solids stored or transported prevent their functioning. of the discharge device is minimized. The present invention also provides a discharge device for such a container. The unloading device is able to push the load through the rear of the loading platform in a secure, controlled, energy-efficient and fast manner.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention provides a container for storing and transporting solids, consisting of a left-hand container wall, a right-hand container wall and a movable front section, all three provided with an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the container provided with a discharge device for unloading these solids by pushing the solids from a rear end of the container, thereby increasing the safety of the user and bystander and / or reducing the tare weight of the container, the discharge device being provided with at least one engaging means , of at least one gripping means and of at least one drive system, wherein said engaging means are mounted in the longitudinal direction along the left and / or right-hand loading wall inside the loading bucket, said gripping means being mounted on an outside of the front section and engaging in the engaging means, wherein the driving system is connected to the gripping means and capable of driving the gripping means, thereby moving the front section longitudinally along the loading platform, characterized in that the middle part of the loading walls is provided with a longitudinal oriented engagement recess, provided with an overhanging part, the engaging means connected to the middle part of the left and / or right-hand loading wall on or below the overhanging part of the engaging recess.
    In a second aspect, the present invention provides a discharge device suitable for a body as described in this document.
    In a further aspect, the present invention provides in a system consisting of a loading container as described in this document and a towing vehicle for transporting the loading container.
    In a further aspect, the present invention provides in a system consisting of a loading container as described in this document and a hydraulic drive means connected to this loading container for driving the gripping means.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a loading container according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figures 2 and 3 show two embodiments of engaging means and gripping means.
    Figure 4 shows a front view of the movable front section of a loading container according to the present invention.
    Figure 5 shows a front view and a longitudinal cross-section of the front section and of the loading container according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    Figures 6a and 6b show a self-supporting socket consisting of a set of axles and wheels and connected to the towing vehicle.
    Figures 7a-7e illustrate an embodiment of a body according to the present invention.
    Figure 8 shows cross-sectional views of a number of embodiments of a loading container according to the present invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a container, such as a container, a trailer, a trailer, a truck, a dumper, etc. for storing and transporting solids, consisting of a discharge device for unloading the solids, the loading space being optimized and whereby the disruption by the stored or transported solids on the functioning of the discharge device is minimized. The present invention also relates to a discharge device for such a body and a cargo transport system provided with such a body.
    Unless otherwise specified, all terms which in the description of the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as generally understood by one skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. By means of further instructions, term definitions have been added to better appreciate the teachings of the present invention.
    As used herein, the following terms have the following meaning: "De", "een", and "het" as used herein refers to both singular and plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. By way of example, "a compartment" refers to one or more than one compartment.
    "Round" as used herein refers to a measurable value, such as a parameter, an amount, a certain time, and the like, is intended to cover variations of + / -20% or less, preferably + / -10% or less, more preferably + / -5% or less, even more preferably + / -1% or less, and even more preferably + / -0.1% or less to and from the indicated value, to the extent that such variations are suitable for use in the described invention. However, it must be indicated that the value to which the preposition "round" refers, has also been specifically described.
    "Contain", "consist of" and "include" as used herein are synonymous with "include", "include" or "contain" and are inclusive or open terms that describe the presence of what follows, e.g., a specific component, and do not exclude the presence of additional, non-listed components, functions, element, members, steps, known in the art or described therein.
    Enumerating the numeric ranges by end points includes all numbers and fractions within that range, as well as the listed end points.
    The term "% by weight" (weight percent), here and in the description, unless otherwise defined, refers to the relative weight of the component in question based on the total weight of the formulation.
    The terms "top", "bottom", "front", "back", "left", "right" refer to the sides relating to a body, such as a body or trailer intended for transport, that is, " top "and" bottom "refer to the top and bottom, respectively," front "refers to the side in the direction of the intended transport, e.g. the side where a towing vehicle must be connected to the body for transport, while the "back" refers to the other side, "left" and "right" refer to the sides of the body when viewing from back to front.
    The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "longitudinal" and "oblique" refer to directions with respect to a body, such as a body or trailer intended for transport when it is on a flat floor or surface, that is to say say "vertical" refers to the direction perpendicular to the flat floor, "horizontal" refers to a direction parallel to the flat floor, "oblique" refers to a direction that is neither vertical nor horizontal, "longitudinal" refers to a horizontal rear -to-for direction. The term "under" as used in this document refers to the space under a certain object or a part with respect to the vertical direction. The term "overhanging part" as used in this document is used to indicate the presence of a space in the body that is located below the part.
    The term "drum", here and in the description, unless otherwise defined, refers to a hollow, essentially cylindrical, component that is open, partially open, or closed on one or more sides.
    In a first aspect, the invention provides a loading container, such as a container, a trailer, a trailer, a truck, a dumper, etc. for storing and transporting solid substances such as dirt, cement, concrete, rubble, crushed stone, construction waste or waste , provided with a left-hand side wall, a right-hand side wall and a movable front section, all three provided with an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the loading body provided with a discharge device for unloading these solids, with at least one engaging means, of at least one gripping means and of at least one drive system, wherein said engaging means are mounted longitudinally along the left and / or right-hand loading wall inside the loading bucket, said gripping means being mounted on an outside of the front section and engaging the engaging means wherein the drive system is connected to the gripping means and capable of engaging the gripping means e driving, thereby moving the front section longitudinally along the loading platform, characterized in that the middle part of the loading walls are provided with a longitudinal oriented engagement recess, provided with an overhanging part, the engaging means connected to the middle part of the left and / or right-hand side wall on or under the overhanging part of the engagement recess. The engagement recess serves to keep the engagement means clean without the necessity of introducing longitudinal side blades for the protection of the engagement means as in DE 1 149 201. The overhanging part of the engagement recess prevents dirt from remaining on the engagement means or falling . The unloading device discharges the solids by pushing them out of a rear end of the body, thereby increasing the safety of the user and bystander and / or reducing the tare weight of the body.
    The body of the present invention is better than push-out body with a hydraulic cylinder since the force required to push the front section backwards is applied to the body wall via the engagement means and not to an external part, such as a chassis, via the hydraulic cylinder . Therefore, a chassis is not needed in the present invention, thereby reducing the tare weight of the body. For a typical body, for example of a truck, the tare weight is reduced by 1500 kg, which implies that 1500 kg more freight can be transported per trip, whereby the fuel consumption per trip or the number of trips for large loads is significantly reduced. In addition, a hydraulic cylinder that is expensive, can bend easily, takes up a lot of space at the front, is heavy and consumes a lot of power during use, is not necessary in the present invention. The body of the present invention comprises gripping means with a drive system that can be kept cheaply, small, strong, light and energy efficient, in particular in comparison with a hydraulic cylinder. Moreover, the container of the present invention can be made longer than a container with a hydraulic cylinder for moving the front section, since it is very difficult and expensive to make a hydraulic cylinder, e.g. a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, which is long but does not bend under its own weight or under the force necessary to push a load out of the body.
    In a preferred embodiment, the unloading device is provided with at least two engaging means and two gripping means, wherein at least one left engaging means is mounted longitudinally along the left cargo wall within the loading body and at least one right engaging means longitudinally along the right cargo wall within the body is mounted, wherein at least one gripping means engages the left engaging means and at least one gripping means engages the right engaging means. In such a setup, the forces needed to push the front section back and thereby push the load out of the rear of the body are more evenly distributed on the front section.
    In a preferred embodiment, the overhanging part is skewed, i.e. the overhanging part is not oriented horizontally. More preferably, the overhanging portion forms an angle with the horizontal direction that is greater than or equal to 1 °, more preferably greater than 5 °, even more preferably greater than 10 °, even more preferably greater than 15 °, more preferably greater than 20 °, but even more preferably greater than 25 °, and which is less than or equal to 89 °, more preferably less than 85 °, even more preferably less than 80 °, even more preferably less than 75 °, even more preferably less than 70 °, but even more preferably less than 65 °, but still more preferably less than 60 °, most preferably said angle is between 30 ° and 50 °, for example 30 °, 31 °, 32 33 °, 34 35 36 °, 37 °, 38 °, 39 °, 40 °, 41 °, 42 °, 43 °, 44 °, 45 °, 46 °, 47 °, 48 ° , 49, 50 °.
    In a more preferred embodiment, the engaging means are rigidly attached to an oblique or vertical center section below the overhanging portion. In this way, possibly remaining dirt or cargo can fall more easily from the aforementioned engaging means, which contributes to the better functioning of the engaging means.
    In a preferred embodiment, the middle part of the left and / or right loading wall comprises a part below the overhanging part, which part preferably comprises an oblique or vertical middle section. In a more preferred embodiment, engaging means are rigidly attached to the oblique or vertical center section below the overhanging portion to prevent dirt or charge residues from being placed on or between engaging means, which prevents disturbance of the operation of the engaging means.
    In a preferred embodiment, the engaging means comprise a set of cylinders and / or drums, consisting of an essentially round cross-section and a, preferably straight, jacket surface, which are attached to the overhanging part of the engaging recess or to the oblique or vertical center section, the cylinders and / or drums mounted in a regularly longitudinally aligned pattern along the loading platform, the cylinders or drums preferably mounted such that the casing surface is substantially perpendicular to the overhanging portion of this engagement recess or to the oblique or vertical center section. Preferably, the cylinders are rigidly and / or the drums rotatably attached to said overhanging portion of this engagement recess or to said oblique or vertical center section. Preferably, the cylinders or drums are attached with a side to the middle part of the left and / or right hand loading wall, such that solids fall from the cylinders or drums. In a more preferred embodiment, the gripping means comprise a gear which engages said set of cylinders or drums from below or above, preferably obliquely from below or above, such that it is solids, e.g. remains of the load that are outwardly pushed, can push away between said cylinders or barrels, preferably when the front section is pulled back to the front after delivery of the load.
    In another preferred embodiment, the engagement means comprise a chain rigidly attached to the overhanging portion of the engagement recess or to the oblique or vertical center section. Preferably, the chain is attached with the side to the middle portion of the left and / or right loading wall, such that solids can fall from the chain or through the openings of the chain. In a more preferred embodiment, the gripping means comprise a sprocket which engages the chain, from below or above, preferably obliquely from below or above, such that the solids, e.g., remains of the load pushed out, out of the can push openings in the chain, preferably, when the front section is pulled back to the front after delivery of the load.
    In yet another preferred embodiment, the engaging means comprise a rack that is rigidly secured to the overhanging portion of the engaging recess or to the oblique or vertical center section. The gear rack is preferably connected to the rear side towards the middle part of the left and / or right loading wall, such that solids can roll from the rack or from between the teeth of the rack. In a more preferred embodiment, gripping means comprise a gear wheel which engages said rack, preferably obliquely from above or below.
    In a preferred embodiment, the body is wholly or partly self-supporting, for reducing the total weight of the body with respect to a body provided with a supporting chassis. Such a chassis is necessary for any kind of tiltable body, such as present on a tipper, because they need support points at the front for the tilting mechanism and at the rear, where the body is supported on the chassis. For a typical body, for example of a truck, the tare weight can be reduced by 1000-2000 kg, which implies that 1000-2000 kg more freight can be transported per trip, whereby the fuel consumption per trip or the number of trips for large loads is significant is reduced.
    In a preferred embodiment, the loading container consists of a shape that increases the self-supporting properties of this loading container.
    In a preferred embodiment, the lower part of the body is provided with a cross-section, which comprises a, preferably hollow, curved form, such as a parabola, a circular arc, a hyperbolic cosine or the like, for reinforcing the body and / or for increasing the self-supporting properties of the body.
    In a preferred embodiment, the bottom part, the middle part and / or the upper part of the left and / or right loading wall is provided with a reinforced section, which is preferably fixed along the length and / or transverse direction. In a more preferred embodiment, the reinforced section consists of a metal component such as a rail, a bar or a profiled plate of iron or steel, preferably attached to the body in a longitudinal direction said or the reinforced section consists of overlapping plates.
    In a preferred embodiment, the loading container comprises a guide protrusion and / or recess for supporting and guiding the front section along the longitudinal direction, whereby the gripping means are at least partially relieved of the weight of the front section, thereby guiding the front section along the longitudinal direction and the reinforcing stability of the front section, i.e. preventing the front section from rotating about a horizontal transverse axis. Thus, the guide protrusions and / or recesses also help to hold the front section in a substantially vertical direction during the release of the load by preventing the front section from tipping or rotating about a substantially transverse horizontal axis. In a more preferred embodiment, the loading container comprises at least two guide projections and / or recesses, the left and the right-hand loading wall each comprising at least one guide protrusion and / or recess. In a more preferred embodiment, the upper part of the body comprises the guide projections and / or recesses for providing stability of the front section.
    In a preferred embodiment, said gripping means are provided with a gear wheel, wherein the teeth of this gear wheel are preferably provided with an evolving or cycloid profile. The gear is preferably mounted on a pivot axis connected to an actuator capable of rotating the pivot axis with said gear. The actuator preferably comprises a hydraulic motor.
    In a preferred embodiment, the front section comprises a curved shape for more efficient release of the load.
    In a preferred embodiment, the bottom portion of the front section is curved toward the inside of the container to better scrape the load when it is pushed toward the rear, i.e., to provide a spade effect.
    In a preferred embodiment, the upper section of the front section is bent toward the inside of the loading platform to ensure that no load is spilled over the top of the front section and / or of the left or right loading wall.
    In a preferred embodiment, the front section comprises a form that is bent towards the inside of the loading wall near the left and / or right-hand loading wall for a better distribution of the forces caused on said front section by the gripping means and / or by the load when pushing the load to the rear of the body.
    In a preferred embodiment, the loading platform comprises a gap between the front section and left and / or right loading wall walls and / or the bottom and / or roof, said gap being less than 30 mm wide, more preferably less than 25 mm wide, even more preferably less than 20 mm wide, but more than 1 mm wide, preferably more than 5 mm wide, even more preferably more than 10 mm wide, most preferably the gap is about 15 mm wide.
    In a preferred embodiment, front section comprises sealing means, such as strips, preferably rubber or elastic strips, connected to the edges of the front section for sealing a gap between the front section and the left and / or right-hand loading walls and / or bottom and / or roof of this body.
    In a preferred embodiment the loading container comprises an open top, a closed roof or a partially open or closed roof. An open or partially open or closed roof makes it easy to load a load into the loading space of the body via the roof or through the opening in the roof. The loading container can preferably be provided with a closed roof, preferably with one or more sealable openings. Such a container is provided with a closed loading space, which may be necessary or at least useful for the transport of certain solids for which a complete confinement is appropriate, such as sewage waste, contaminated soil, dredging waste, solids that smell badly and / or which bad for the environment, etc.
    In a preferred embodiment, the loading container comprises a frontal screen for at least partially closing the loading container at the front to prevent possible losses of the load by means of any gaps between the front section and walls. The frontal screen also improves the aerodynamic profile of the body such that less fuel is required for transport of the body, preferably during transport by road.
    In a preferred embodiment, the loading container comprises one or more hydraulic motors attached to the front section and functionally connected to the gripping means for actuating these gripping means, whereby these can cause the front section to move in a longitudinal direction.
    In a preferred embodiment, the loading container is provided with two gripping means, one gripping means engaging engagement means that are attached to the middle part of the left-hand loading wall and one gripping means engaging engagement means attached to the middle part of the right-hand loading wall, and wherein the loading means is provided of two hydraulic motors mounted on the front section and each of the hydraulic motors being functionally connected to a gripping means. By providing a hydraulic motor for each gripping means, the forces or moments required to push the front section to the rear of the body can be controlled separately, and the total force that can be applied to the front section can be increased. In addition, if the body consists of engaging means coupled to an inclined part or section of the body walls, the gripping means must be capable of being mounted on the front section in an oblique direction, e.g. if two gripping means each comprise a gear on a rotary shaft connected to a hydraulic motor , the axis of rotation can be adjusted to an oblique direction. In such a case, the rotational axes of the two gripping means cannot be oriented in the same direction and either two hydraulic motors are required or a transmission box must be introduced for applying the torque to the said two oblique rotational axes between the hydraulic motor and the two axes.
    The types of hydraulic motor in a body of the present invention can be one or a combination in the list of a gear and vane motor, a gerotor motor, an axial plunger motor, a radial piston motor, or another type of hydraulic motor.
    In a preferred embodiment, the loading container is provided with a hydraulic actuator, such as a hydraulic pump connected to a power source such as a truck or tractor engine. In a more preferred embodiment, the actuator can be placed in the vicinity of a power source such as a motor of a truck, and the actuator is capable of transferring power, preferably by means of a high-pressure fluid, to the gripping means by a power transferring system such as preferably flexible hydraulic tubes. Preferably, the power transferring system is large or long enough to bridge the distance between the actuator and the gripping means, usually over a distance in the order of the length of the container, for example more than 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 meters. If the power transfer system is equipped with flexible components, such as flexible hydraulic tubes, these components can be kept in compact condition, eg rolled up, if the front section is near the front of the body, and these components can be extended according to the position of the front section, e.g. when unloading the load. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the loading container is provided with a rotatable drum suitable for storing flexible hydraulic hoses in a rolled-up state.
    In a preferred embodiment, the loading container comprises a hydraulic distributor or manifold and hydraulic hoses connected between said hydraulic distributor or manifold and the hydraulic motors for distributing pressurized fluid to the hydraulic motors mounted on the front section. Preferably, the hydraulic distributor or manifold can be connected by a tube with a hydraulic actuator such as a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic distributor or manifold is preferably double-acting for controlling the longitudinal movements of the front section in both directions, i.e. from front to back and from back to front. In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic distributor or manifold is fixedly fixed with respect to said container walls and the hydraulic tube is long enough to bridge the distance between hydraulic distributor or manifold and the hydraulic motors at all possible positions of the front section along the length of the container . These hydraulic lines are preferably flexible hydraulic lines and can preferably be stored in a rolled-up state on a rotatable cylinder or a drum mounted on said container wall or on said front section.
    In a preferred embodiment, said loading container comprises a rear section which is capable of closing off the loading container along the rear and which can be in an open or partially open position. The rear section may consist of a tailgate, a liftable tailgate, a laterally-opening door, a hydraulically operated door or gate, etc.
    In a preferred embodiment, said loading container comprises two hydraulic motors, each capable of providing a torque of at least 1000 deca-Nm, preferably at least 1250 deca-Nm, more preferably at least 1500 deca-Nm, more preferably at least at least 1750 deca-Nm, even more preferably at least 2000 deca-Nm, even more preferably at least 2250 deca-Nm, even more preferably at least 2500 deca-Nm and / or less than 4500 deca-Nm, preferably less than 4250 deca-Nm, preferably less than 4000 deca-Nm, even more preferably less than 3750 deca-Nm, even more preferably less than 3500 deca-Nm, even more preferably less than 3250 deca-Nm, even more at preferably less than 3000 deca-Nm, most preferably about 2700 deca-Nm.
    In a preferred embodiment, said loading container is suitable for up to 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 40; 50; 60; 70 tons or more. In a preferred embodiment, said loading container is suitable for at least 1; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 40; 50; 60 tonnes or more of substances.
    In a preferred embodiment, said loading container is up to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 meters long or longer.
    In a preferred embodiment, said front section is suitable for moving between a front position near the front of the container and a rear position near the rear of the container. In a preferred embodiment, said front position between the container walls is less than 2 m, preferably less than 1.5, even more preferably less than 1 m, even more preferably less than 0.9, but more preferably less than 0.8 even more preferably less than 0.7, even more preferably less than 0.6, but even more preferably less than 0.5 m from the front of said container walls and / or said front position lies between said container walls at more than Around, more preferably more than 0.1 m, more preferably more than 0.2 m, more preferably more than 0.3 m from the front of said container walls, most preferably said front position is approximately 0.4 m from the front side of said container walls. The space between the walls of the body and between the front position of the front section and the front edges of the body walls can be used to hold or secure additional components of the body, such as hydraulic motors, hydraulic tubes, a rotating drum for the hydraulic pipes, hydraulic distributor or manifold, etc.
    In a preferred embodiment, the container is self-supporting and preferably comprises one or more axes rotatably mounted on said container walls and / or on the bottom part, i.e. there is no chassis for supporting the container attached to said container. In another preferred embodiment, said container comprises a preferably light and / or low chassis mounted on said container walls and / or bottom part, which chassis preferably comprises one or more axles. Due to the possible full or partial self-supporting capacity of the body, an additional chassis is not required or can be kept light and low, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the body, whereby the stability of the body improves for example on the road during transport, whereby the reduces wear of the tires of the body or of the means of transport of the body, thereby improving safety and fuel consumption during transport of the body.
    In a preferred embodiment, said loading container comprises a king pin on or near the front of the loading container. The body can be connected via the king pin to, for example, a towing vehicle, such as a tractor, to another body, to a trailer, etc. In a preferred embodiment, said king pin is suitable for being attached to a coupling dish of a tractor. A king-pin and / or a coupling dish offer an easier and safer way of transport for the body, preferably on the road.
    In a preferred embodiment, said loading container or parts of said loading container, such as the left and / or right loading container wall, comprises the engaging means, the gripping means, the overhanging portion of the engaging recess steel, stainless steel, such as stainless steel and / or aluminum, for the providing a strong, tough, hard and sturdy and relatively light body or body components.
    In a further aspect, the present invention provides a discharge device for a body according to the present invention.
    In yet a further aspect, the present invention relates to a system comprising a loading container according to the present invention and a towing vehicle, such as a tractor for transporting said loading container. The trigger preferably comprises a hydraulic actuator such as a hydraulic pump, preferably connected to a motor of said trigger.
    In yet a further aspect, the present invention provides a system comprising a loading container according to the present invention and a hydraulic actuator attached to said loading container for operating said gripping means.
    The present invention also relates to the use of a loading container as described in this text, preferably for transporting solids, such as dirt, cement, concrete, rubble, crushed stone, construction waste and / or waste.
    The invention is further described by the following non-limiting examples which illustrate the invention and which are not intended to, nor should they be construed to, limit the scope of the invention.
    The invention will now be described in more detail with the help of non-limitative examples.
    EXAMPLES
    Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a loading container (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The loading container (1) shown comprises an open roof (2) and is symmetrical with respect to a substantially vertical surface (3). Each wall (4a, 4b) of the loading container comprises an upper or upper part (5), a middle part (6) and a lower or bottom part (7). The upper part includes a conductive protrusion (8) on the inside for guiding the movable front section (25) along a substantially longitudinal direction. The upper portion also includes an upper portion reinforcing section (9). The upper part (5) comprises a mold (10) that contributes to the self-supporting properties of the loading platform. The lower part or bottom part (7) also comprises a curved shape (11), in this example a parabolic shape, which contributes to the self-supporting properties of the container. The middle part (6) comprises an engagement recess with an overhanging part (12), to which engagement means (13) are attached. These engagement means (13) comprise a chain (14) or a rack (15) as shown in Figs. 3 and 2 respectively. The middle part (6) further comprises a middle part reinforcing section (16) which in this case is straight and which connects the overhanging part (12) to the lower part (7) of the loading platform (1). The engaging means (13) are connected to the overhanging part (12) only, and leave, for example, an opening (17) between engaging means (13) and the middle part-reinforcing section (16). This opening can be important because it allows residues of the transported goods lying on the engagement means (13) to fall down from the engagement means (13). This results in engagement means that remain clean. The engaging means (13) in FIG. 1 are arranged at a height from the bottom of the body (17a) which is approximately half the height of the inwardly projecting part (18) of guide projection (8), measured from the bottom (17) of the body.
    Figures 2 and 3 show two embodiments of engaging means (13) and gripping means (19). The gripping means comprise a gear wheel (20) with teeth (21) which have an evolute-shaped profile. The gripping means (19) engage the gripping means (13) which comprise a toothed rack (15) or chain (14). The circular period of the gear (20) and the period of the rack (15) or chain (14) are in the range of 130 mm to 180 mm. The full depth (22) of the rack in FIG. 2 corresponds to the full depth (24) of the gear (20) and is in the range of 60 mm to 180 mm. The chain (14) as in FIG. 3 shown as an example of engagement means (13) is of the roller chain type, which is fixedly attached to the overhanging part (12) of the loading container. The width (23) of the chain (14), see Fig. 5, is in the range of 60 mm to 180 mm and corresponds to the full depth (24) of the gear (20).
    Figure 4 shows a front view of the movable front section of a loading container according to the present invention. The front section (25) comprises a shape that fits into the cross-section of the body (1), as also shown in Figs. 1. The space between the front section (25) and the side wall of the body is in the range of 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably about 10 mm. Viewed from the front, the front section (25) includes a substantially straight top (26) and an at least partially curved left, right, and bottom. The left and right sides have a guide recess (27) at the corresponding position of the guide protrusions (8) and an engagement recess (28) at the location of the engagement means (13). Two gripping means (19) are placed on the left and right-hand side of the front section (25) and can engage the engaging means (13) at the location of the recesses (28). The gripping means (19) are driven by a hydraulic motor (29) connected to a hydraulic actuator, which is mounted for example on the tractor and connected to the hydraulic motors (29) via a series of tubes. These tubes are long enough to be able to push the front section (25) all the way to the end of the loading platform (1), the hydraulic motors (29) remaining connected to the hydraulic drive. Alternatively, at least one hydraulic actuator can be mounted on the front section (25). This drive can be electrically powered, e.g. via an electrical cable with a power source, preferably mounted on the tractor.
    Figure 5 shows a front view and a longitudinal sectional view of the front section and the loading container according to an embodiment of the present invention. The guide protrusion (8) in the upper part (5) of the body (1) can guide and support the front section (25) along the length of the body. The front section (25) comprises a curved shape, viewed in longitudinal section. This curved shape protrudes forward (31) in the middle (30) of the front section (25) and the top (33), side (34) and lower edges (35) of the front section (25) are more oriented towards rear (32) of the body then the center (30) of the front section. The curved shape makes it easier to push cargo out of the back without losing it at the bottom or top. At the lower edge (35), the shape is such that the front section (25) acts as a scoop whereby the load is scraped or nearly scraped from the bottom of the body. At the top edge (33), the front section (25) hangs over the load, so that when cargo such as dirt or soil piles against the front section (25) when it is pushed backwards, it tends to fall back into the body and thus not spilling over the top edge (33) of the front section (25). The side edges (34) are bent towards the rear (32) of the loading body relative to the center (30) of the front section (25) to get a better distribution of the forces on the front section when a load passes behind the rear (32) ) is pushed out of the loading platform (1). These forces are two-fold. First, by pushing the load backwards, the load exerts a force on the front section which, on average, is evenly distributed across the width of the front section and faces forward (31). Secondly, the engaging means exert backward forces (32) on the left and right sides of the front section where the gripping means (19) or hydraulic motors (29) are mounted (36) on the front section (25). The curved shape of the front section across the width can be optimized to limit as much shear stresses in the material, e.g. steel, from which the front section is made, as possible. The shape of the front section across the width can be described by a parabola, a hyperbolic cosine, a circle arc, or a similar curved function. The gear (20) engages the chain (14) which is fixedly mounted longitudinally on the overhanging part (12) of the middle section (6) of the body. The gear (20) is driven by the hydraulic motor (29) mounted (36) on the front part (25).
    Figures 6a and 6b show a self-supporting body consisting of a number of axles and wheels and connected to a towing vehicle. The tractor (37) can be a tractor with a coupling plate (38) which is coupled to a king-pin of the loading platform (1). The loading container can comprise 1, 2, 3, 4 or more axles. In this case, the body comprises two axles (39) with wheels mounted directly (40) on the outside of the walls of the body (41), i.e. the body does not comprise a chassis mounted between the axles and the body walls. Engaging means (13) are mounted on the inside of the walls of the loading platform (42). Gripping means (19) provided with a hydraulic motor (29) are provided on the outside of the front section (25).
    Figures 7a-7e show an embodiment of a loading container according to the present invention. Figure 7a shows a front view; 7b shows a side view as in FIG. 7a. Figure 7c shows the engagement means, the engagement protrusion (45, 50) above an engagement recess (55) and the gearwheel of the engagement means in more detail, Figure 7D shows the rollers of the engagement means in more detail, and Figs. 6e shows the gear wheel of the engaging means in more detail. Shown are the top (5), middle (6) and lower (7) part of the walls of the loading engagement means (13) attached to the overhanging part (12) and to a slanted part (43) in the middle ( 6) below the overhanging part (12), which engagement comprises a set of rollers (44) and a gear (20) of the gripping means. The body bottom and walls consist of a longitudinal profiled plate (51) that extends over the bottom part of the body and two longitudinal profiled steel plates (52, 53) that extend over the upper parts of the left and extend the right-hand side walls. The bottom and wall plates overlap in the middle part (6) of the loading platform where they can be fixed, for example welded and / or fixed with bolts. The wall plates comprise an engagement protrusion (50) and an engagement recess (55) for protecting the engagement means (13) mounted under this protrusion (50). The overhanging part (12) is oblique, i.e. not completely horizontal, and makes an angle of about 45 ° with the horizontal direction. It is around 16 cm wide. The gear wheel (20) engages with its teeth (21) between the rollers (44) obliquely downwards. The rollers each include an inner cylinder (48) that can be fixedly attached to the center portion (6) by a plurality of profiled flanges or plates (46) that can be bolted to the overhanging portion (12) of the body wall, and by a longitudinally extending plate (47) bolted with screws is along the length of the loading container. This plate (47) can be replaced by a series of smaller plates and / or the series of profiled flanges (46) can be replaced by a longitudinally extending flange which is attached to the overhanging part (12) along the length of the container. The engaging means can also be welded onto the container walls, for example welded onto the overhanging part and against the container wall just below the overhanging part. In this way, they can provide extra strength for the body. The rollers (44) further each comprise a hollow drum (49) which is approximately 5 cm high and which is rotatable about the inner cylinder (48).
    Figure 8 shows cross-sections of a number of embodiments of a loading container according to the present invention. The shown sections (61-66) show engagement recesses (55) with overhanging parts (12) in the middle parts of the left and right loading wall. The container walls and base may comprise straight sections (61, 62, 63, 65) or a curved section (66) or a combination of straight or curved sections (64). Cross sections (64, 65, 66) also show guide projections (8) for guiding and supporting the front section in the longitudinal direction. The present invention can also refer to closed loading containers or partially closed loading containers. Examples of cross-sections (67, 68, 69, 70) of closed or partially closed containers are shown in FIG. 8. Lockable holes in the roof of the body (not shown in the cross-sections of Fig. 8) can provide access to the loading space of the body. Each of the closed loading bodies in Fig. 8 shows engagement recesses (55) with overhanging parts (12) and the sections (69, 70) also show guide protrusions (8). It will be clear that closed loading buckets can also be obtained by temporarily closing loading buckets with transverse profiles (61-66), e.g. with a textile, or essentially permanently closing them, e.g. by one or more plates which are bolted or be fixed to the loading wall by welding.
    It is believed that the invention is not limited to any embodiment as described above and that some changes may be added to the examples discussed without revaluing the appended claims. Thus, the present invention has been described with reference to a body that can unload its load by pushing the front section backward, but it is clear that the invention can be applied, for example, to a body that unloads its load by pushing a rear section forward.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. A container for storing and transporting solid substances, consisting of a left-hand container wall, a right-hand container wall and a movable front section, all three provided with an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the container provided with a discharge device for unloading these solids by pushing the solids out of a rear end of the body, thereby increasing the safety of the user and bystander and / or reducing the tare weight of the body, wherein the unloading device is provided with at least one engaging means, of at least one gripping means and of at least one drive system, wherein said engaging means are mounted longitudinally along the left and / or right-hand loading wall within the loading bucket, said gripping means being mounted on an outside of the front section and engaging the engaging means, wherein the drive system is connected to the gripping means and capable of driving the gripping means, thereby moving the front section longitudinally along the container, characterized in that the middle part of the container walls are provided with a longitudinally oriented engagement recess, provided with an overhanging part, the engaging means connected to the middle part of the left and / or right-hand loading wall on or below the overhanging part of the engagement recess, wherein the engagement means are rigidly attached to an oblique or vertical middle section below the overhanging part.
    [2]
    A loading container according to claim 1, wherein the unloading device is provided with at least two engaging means and two gripping means, wherein at least one left engaging means is mounted in the longitudinal direction along the left-hand loading wall within the loading body and at least one right engaging means in the longitudinal direction the right-hand body wall is mounted inside the body, wherein at least one gripping means engages the left-hand engagement means and at least one gripping means engages the right-hand engagement means.
    [3]
    A container according to any of claims 1 to 2, wherein the container is self-supporting.
    [4]
    A container according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lower part of the container is provided with a cross-section, which comprises a, preferably hollow, curved shape, such as a parabola, an arc of a circle, a hyperbolic cosine or the like, for strengthening the body and / or for increasing the self-supporting properties of the body.
    [5]
    A container according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the container comprises at least two guide projections and / or recesses, the left and right-hand sides of the container each comprising at least one guide protrusion and / or recess.
    [6]
    A loading container according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said gripping means are provided with a gear wheel, wherein preferably the teeth of this gear wheel are provided with an evolvent or cycloid profile.
    [7]
    A container according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the engaging means comprises a set of cylinders and / or drums, consisting of a substantially round cross-section and a, preferably straight, jacket surface, which are attached to the overhanging part of the engagement recess or to the slanted or vertical center section, the cylinders and / or drums mounted in a regularly longitudinally aligned pattern along the loading platform.
    [8]
    A container according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the front section consists of a curved shape to more efficiently unload the load.
    [9]
    A container according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the front section is provided with sealing means, such as strips, preferably rubber or elastic strips, connected to the edges of the front section for closing a gap between the front section and the left and / or right-hand side wall and / or the lower and / or upper part of the body.
    [10]
    A container according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the container is provided with one or more hydraulic motors which are connected to the front section and are functionally connected to the gripping means for actuating these gripping means, which is thereby capable of to move the front section in a longitudinal direction.
    [11]
    A container according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the container consists of two gripping means, one gripping means engaging engagement means that are attached to the middle part of the left-hand loading wall and one gripping means engaging engagement means attached to the middle part of the right-hand cargo wall, and wherein the cargo bed is provided with two hydraulic motors mounted on the front section and wherein each of the hydraulic motors is functionally connected to a gripping means.
    [12]
    A discharge device suitable for a loading container according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
    [13]
    A system consisting of a loading container according to any of claims 1 to 12 and a towing vehicle for transporting the loading container, said towing vehicle provided with a hydraulic actuator connected to an engine of this towing vehicle.
    [14]
    A system consisting of a body according to any of claims 1 to 13 and a hydraulic drive means connected to said body for driving the gripping means.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PL2634042T3|2014-11-28|
    DK2634042T3|2014-07-21|
    EP2634042A1|2013-09-04|
    SI2634042T1|2014-09-30|
    ES2481419T3|2014-07-30|
    EP2634042B1|2014-04-16|
    PT2634042E|2014-07-24|
    引用文献:
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    FR2823492A1|2001-04-12|2002-10-18|Fabrice Pomiers|Compactor for bulk materials has horizontal compaction casing with thin high strength steel press plate actuated by hydraulic cylinder|
    DE20117346U1|2001-08-25|2002-03-28|Annaburger Nutzfahrzeug Gmbh|Loader wagon with unloading device|
    DE102005029914A1|2004-11-04|2006-05-11|Wilhelm Wellmeyer Fahrzeugbau Gmbh & Co. Kg|Transport vehicle for transporting e.g. waste or crops has load space, emptying opening and shield movable though load space by hydraulic drive motor attached to carriage that can move through load space|
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    DE1149201B|1959-07-16|1963-05-22|Demag Ag|Detachable connection of two components exposed to unequal temperatures and ring-shaped at their connection point|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP12157534|2012-02-29|
    EP12157534.4A|EP2634042B1|2012-02-29|2012-02-29|End-dump discharging device for a receptable|
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